N-back test online
A square in the grid lights up, then the next one. Your task: respond when the current square is the same as n steps ago. At n = 2 that means keeping two squares in mind and updating them all the time.
How it works
- 1Start – the first time with 1-back (is the square the same as the last one?), after that at the last level you passed.
- 2In a 3×3 grid a square lights up every two and a half seconds.
- 3On a match tap “Same” (or the space bar), otherwise do nothing.
- 4After 20 squares: your hit rate.
- 5Very good? The next round is one level harder. Many mistakes? One easier.
What happens
N-back loads your working memory – the store in which you briefly hold and connect information while studying. Wayne Kirchner invented the task in 1958; today it is a standard tool of brain research.
Does n-back make you smarter?
In 2008 Jaeggi and colleagues reported that dual n-back training raised fluid intelligence. Later reviews found no reliable evidence for that (Melby-Lervåg et al. 2016): you mainly get better at n-back itself. As a focus exercise and check of your daily form it still works – for learning, though, methods like retrieval and spacing matter.
Sources: Jaeggi et al. 2008; Melby-Lervåg et al. 2016
Frequently asked questions
What is dual n-back?
Positions and sounds come at the same time – two streams at once. Here we practise the simpler position version.
What level is good?
Most people start at 2 or 3. Your own history matters more.
How often should I train?
A few minutes are enough. More mainly brings better n-back scores.
More for “Concentration”
- A focus timer that grows with youA study timer that lengthens your attention span step by step. Note distractions instead of giving in. Free in your browser, no account.
- Reaction time test: how alert are you right now?Test your reaction time with the standard test of sleep research (PVT): 3 minutes, measures reaction time and lapses, with history. Free in your browser.
- Schulte table onlineTap the numbers 1–25 in order as fast as you can: the Schulte table free in your browser, with timing and history.
- Stroop test onlineThe classic of attention research: pick the ink colour, not the word you read. Stroop test free in your browser, with interference measurement.
All exercises: Concentration →
Exercises are no substitute for help if you've been feeling bad for a while. Talk to your university's counselling service. In a crisis: call your local emergency number or a crisis line in your country.